An intermediate-level treatment of Bayesian hierarchical models and their applications, this book demonstrates the advantages of a Bayesian approach to data sets involving inferences for collections of related units or variables, and in methods where parameters can be treated as random collections. Through illustrative data analysis and attention to statistical computing, this book facilitates practical implementation of Bayesian hierarchical methods.The new edition is a revision of the book Applied Bayesian Hierarchical Methods. It maintains a focus on applied modelling and data analysis, but now using entirely R-based Bayesian computing options. It has been updated with a new chapter on regression for causal effects, and one on computing options and strategies. This latter chapter is particularly important, due to recent advances in Bayesian computing and estimation, including the development of rjags and rstan. It also features updates throughout with new examples.The examples exploit and illustrate the broader advantages of the R computing environment, while allowing readers to explore alternative likelihood assumptions, regression structures, and assumptions on prior densities.Features:Provides a comprehensive and accessible overview of applied Bayesian hierarchical modellingIncludes many real data examples to illustrate different modelling topicsR code (based on rjags, jagsUI, R2OpenBUGS, and rstan) is integrated into the book, emphasizing implementationSoftware options and coding principles are introduced in new chapter on computingPrograms and data sets available on the book’s Contents Preface 1. Bayesian Methods for Complex Data: Estimation and Inference 2. Bayesian Analysis Options in R, and Coding for BUGS, JAGS, and Stan 3. Model Fit, Comparison, and Checking 4. Borrowing Strength via Hierarchical Estimation 5. Time Structured Priors 6. Representing Spatial Dependence 7. Regression Techniques Using Hierarchical Priors 8. Bayesian Multilevel Models 9. Factor Analysis, Structural Equation Models, and Multivariate Priors 10. Hierarchical Models for Longitudinal Data 11. Survival and Event History Models 12. Hierarchical Methods for Nonlinear and Quantile Regression