图书简介

1 Introduction.- 1.1 Roots and Connections.- 1.2 The Path.- 1.3 Summary.- 2 From the discovery of radioactivity to first accelerator experiments.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 The way to the discovery of cosmic rays.- 2.3 Discovery of cosmic rays by Victor F. Hess.-  2.4 Properties of cosmic rays.-  2.5 Hypothesis about the origin of cosmic rays.- 2.6 Begin of particle physics.- 3 Development of Cosmology:From a Static Universe to Accelerated Expansion.- 3.1 A static universe, as large as the Milky Way?.- 3.2 An expanding Universe, extending beyond the Milky Way.- 3.3 Is the Earth older than the Universe?.-  3.4 The origin of the elements.- 3.5 A steady-state universe?.- 3.6 Relics from a hot beginning?.-  3.7 Structures in the Universe.-  3.8 Cosmological inflation.-  3.9 Cold dark matter.-  3.10 Fluctuations in the CMB and supernovae explosions.-  3.11 Nobel Prizes.- 4 Evolution of Astrophysics.- 4.1 Evolution of Astrophysics.- 4.2 Stars, Galaxies, Dark Matter, and Particle Acceleration.- 4.3 From the past to the future of Astrophysics.- 4.4 Acknowledgements.-  5 Development of Ultra High-Energy Cosmic Ray Research.- 5.1 Introduction and General Overview.- 5.2 The Discovery of Extensive Air Showers.-  5.3 Basic ideas about extensive air showers.-  5.4 From Geiger-Counters to Phototube Based Detectors.-  5.5 The impact of the MIT Group and of Rossi.-  5.6 Work of the Cornell group and the influence of Greisen.-  5.7 Work in Bolivia.-  5.8 The First Surface Detector Arrays covering more than 1 km2.- 5.9 Use of the Monte Carlo Technique.- 5.10 The impact of the discovery of the Microwave Background Radiation.-  5.11 The development of the Fluorescence Technique.- 5.12 Development of Fly’s Eye.- 5.13 The Cygnus X-3 story and its impact.- 5.14 Recent and Current Activities.- 5.15 Future.- 5.16 Concluding Remarks.- 6 Very-High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Attempts between 1960 to late 1980s to find the sources of CRs.- 6.3 How far can we “see” with VHE gamma rays?.- 6.4 The Whipple collaboration opens the window of VHE gamma-ray astronomy in 1989.- 6.5 Experiments of the decade 1990–2000.- 6.6 Progress in the first decade of the new millennium.-  6.7 A short summary of physics: What have we learned from VHE gamma-ray sources?.-  6.8 The VHE sky map at the 98th year of Cosmic Ray studies.-  7 Search for the neutrino mass and low energy neutrino astronomy.-  7.1 Understanding Radioactivity - The ”invention” of the neutrino.- 7.2 Weak interactions - Collecting informations about the neutrino.- 7.3 Direct neutrino mass searches.-  7.4 History of stellar energy generation.-  7.5 Solar neutrinos.-  7.6 Neutrinos from stellar collapse.- 7.7 Outlook.- 7.8 Nobel prizes.-  References.- 8 From Particle Physics to Astroparticle Physics: Proton Decay and the Rise of Non-Accelerator Physics.- 8.1 introduction.-  8.2 Big bang nucleo-synthesis.-  8.3 The search for proton decay.- 8.4 Atmospheric neutrinos.-  8.5 Signals from dark matter annihilation.- 9 Towards High-Energy Neutrino Astronomy.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 From first concepts to the detection of atmospheric neutrinos.- 9.3 DUMAND: from the first workshop to the DUMAND-II proposal.- 9.4 The evolution of the Baikal project.- 9.5 The community broadens.-  9.6 The three-string race and the termination of DUMAND.- 9.7 AMANDA.-  9.8 Mediterranean Sea: NESTOR, ANTARES, NEMO.-  9.9 IceCube.-  9.10 Where do we stand?.- 9.11 What next?.- 10 From Waves to Particle Tracks and Quantum Probabilities.-  10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 How to detect particles.-  10.3 From waves to particle tracks.-  10.4 Quantum electrodynamics and particle identification.-  10.5 From particle tracks to quantum probabilities.-  10.6 Changing the focus.-  References.- A Timetable.- B Nobel prizes.- C Textbooks.-  C.1 Textbooks 1987–2012.-  C.2 Textbooks 1962–1986.- C.3 Textbooks 1937–1961.- C.4 Textbooks 1912–1936.- D Books in History of Physics

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