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Preface for the Third Edition \\ Acknowledgments \\ 1. Introduction : Is It Possible to Prepare for a Criminal Justice Future?Dan Okada \\ PART I. ORIENTATION \\ 2. The Importance of Ethics in Criminal JusticeCyndi Banks \\ Police Ethics \\ Discrimination \\ Legal Ethics \\ Punishment \\ Correctional Ethics \\ Ethical Criminal Justice Policy Making \\ Analyzing Ethical Dilemmas \\ Conclusion \\ Discussion Questions \\ References \\ 3. Unleashing the Power of Criminal Justice TheoryPeter B. Kraska \\ The Power of Criminal Justice Theory for Our Discipline \\ Criminal Justice: A Worthy Object of Theorizing \\ Developing a Useful Theoretical Infrastructure \\ The Power of Theory to Transform Consciousness \\ The Power of Theory to Affect Public Explanations \\ Conclusion: Embracing Criminal Justice Theory \\ Discussion Questions \\ References \\ PART II. OFFENSES AND OFFENDERS \\ 4. VictimologyLeah E. Daigle \\ The Typical Victimization and Victim \\ The Costs of Victimization \\ System Costs \\ Mental Health Consequences and Costs \\ Fear of Crime \\ Recurring Victimization \\ Theories of Victimization \\ Routine Activities and Lifestyles Theories \\ Structural Causes of Victimization \\ Caring for the Victim \\ Victim Remedies and Services \\ Summary \\ Discussion Questions \\ References \\ 5. Juvenile DelinquencyDavid L. Parry \\ What Is Delinquency? \\ How Much Delinquency? \\ Arrest Data \\ Self-Report Surveys \\ Adolescent Development, Risk Factors, and Pathways to Delinquency \\ Normal Adolescent Behavior? \\ Risk and Protective Factors \\ Pathways to Delinquency \\ Different for Girls? \\ Discussion \\ Discussion Questions \\ Notes \\ References \\ 6. Gender Matters: Trends in Girls’ CriminalityMeda Chesney-Lind \\ Crime Wave? \\ Delinquency: Gender Matters \\ Girls’ Crime, Girls’ Offenses \\ Girls’ Violence: When She Was Bad \\ Running Away: Girls Coping With Trauma and Abuse \\ Wild in the Streets: Girls, Drugs, and Alcohol \\ Shoplifting: You Shoplift as You Shop \\ Conclusion \\ Discussion Questions \\ References \\ 7. Race and CrimeHelen Taylor-Greene \\ Definitional Complexities \\ Theoretical Perspectives on Race and Crime \\ Contemporary Issues in the Study of Race and Crime \\ Future Issues in the Study of Race and Crime \\ Discussion Questions \\ Web Resources \\ References \\ 8. Popular Culture, Media, and CrimeRichelle S. Swan \\ Popular Theoretical Approaches to the Study of Popular Culture, Media, and Crime \\ Popular Methodological Approaches Used in the Study of Popular Culture, Media, and Crime \\ Important Research Themes in Studies of Popular Culture, Media, and Crime \\ Framing Gone Extreme: Moral Panics About Crime, Delinquency, and Popular Culture \\ Effects of Popular Culture and Media Consumption on Crime \\ Being Framed: The Skewed Representation of Social Groups in Crime Media and Entertainment \\ Mediating Oneself: Using Media and Popular Cultural Forms to Communicate Messages About Crime and Justice \\ Discussion Questions \\ References \\ 9. Crime and Economics: Consumer Culture, Criminology, and the Politics of ExclusionStephen L. Muzzatti and Maggie Reid \\ A Specter Is Haunting Criminology . . . \\ Reading the Profane: Theorizing Crime and Capitalism \\ Banality and Viciousness in Late Modernity \\ Consuming Crime and Culture \\ Late Modernity, Crime, and Pseudopacification \\ Selling Crime, Marketing Transgression, and Commodifying Violence \\ Conclusion: Nothing to Lose But Our Chains \\ Discussion Questions \\ Notes \\ References \\ 10. Serious Gang Problems in the United States: What to Do?James C. Howell and Megan Qually Howell \\ Gang Definitions \\ Key Indicators of Serious Gang Activity \\ Contexts of Serious Gang Violence \\ Other Factors Associated With Gang Violence \\ Juvenile and Criminal Justice System Involvement of Gang Members \\ What Works in Combating Gang Violence \\ Discussion Questions \\ Notes \\ References \\ 11. Sex Offender Policies: Good Intentions and Unintended ConsequencesAlexa Sardina \\ Sex Offender Registration and Community Notification Laws \\ Does the Registry Prevent Sex Offenses? \\ Unintended Consequences of Registration, Notification, and Residence Restrictions Laws \\ The Civil Commitment of Sexually Violent Predators \\ Conclusion \\ Discussion Questions \\ Web Resources \\ References \\ 12. Issues in the Fight Against Human Exploitation: A Look at Labor and Sex TraffickingCasey Branchini \\ Human Trafficking Defined \\ Magnitude of the Problem \\ Prosecution of Trafficking Crimes \\ Obstacles to the Prosecution of Trafficking Crimes \\ Conclusion \\ Discussion Questions \\ Additional Resources \\ References \\ 13. TerrorismC. Augustus Martin \\ The Challenge of Defining Terrorism \\ What Is “New” About the New Terrorism? \\ Terrorism in the United States: The International Sources \\ Terrorism in the United States: The Domestic Sources \\ Responding to Terrorism: Homeland Security and Antiterrorism Laws \\ Discussion Questions \\ Notes \\ References \\ 14. Critical Issues in CybercrimeJohnny Nhan \\ Critical Issue: Hacking and Computer Network Security \\ Critical Issue: Darknets and the Deep Web \\ Critical Issue: The Internet Culture and Ethos \\ Research: Understanding Hackers’ Motivations \\ Critical Issue: Policing Cyberspace \\ Critical Issue: Digital Piracy \\ Critical Issue: Cyberbullying \\ Conclusion \\ Discussion Questions \\ References \\ PART III. POLICING/LAW ENFORCEMENT \\ 15. Police Theory: Major PerspectivesDawn M. Irlbeck, Connie M. Koski, and John P. Crank \\ Normative-Rational Theory \\ Institutional Theory \\ Conflict Theory \\ Postmodernism \\ Conclusion \\ Discussion Questions \\ References \\ 16. A Vision of Contemporary Policing: Present Practices and Future DevelopmentsGennaro F. Vito \\ Paradigms in Policing \\ The British Paradigm: Balancing Democratic Principles and the Military Model \\ Early American Police Paradigms \\ The Political Era Paradigm \\ The Reform Era Paradigm \\ Minorities and the Police \\ The Community and Problem-Oriented Policing Paradigms \\ The CompStat Paradigm \\ The Intelligence-Led Policing Paradigm \\ The Smart Policing Initiative \\ Conclusion \\ Discussion Questions \\ References \\ 17. Police Organization and AdministrationThomas Nolan \\ Origins of the Structural Model of Police Organizations \\ The Police and Militarization \\ Police Organization: Subculture, Ethos, and Milieu \\ Organization and Subculture: Initiation and Masculinism \\ Organizational Subculture and Moral Superiority \\ Police Organization: Autonomy and Authoritarianism \\ Federal Oversight of the Police \\ Police Administration and the Civil Service \\ Police Administration and Unions \\ The Police \\ Discussion Questions \\ Suggested Readings \\ Notes \\ References \\ PART IV. COURTS/LAW/JURISPRUDENCE \\ 18. Public PolicyJanice Ahmad \\ Public Policy: The Formal Version \\ Sources of Criminal Justice Policy \\ Public Policy as It Is in Practice \\ The Use and Misuse of Public Policy \\ The Policy Implications of Public Policy \\ The Politicization of Public Policy \\ The Contributions of Academic Criminal Justice \\ Conclusion \\ Discussion Questions \\ Note From the Author \\ References \\ 19. American CourtsCassia Spohn \\ Supreme Court Decisions and American Courts \\ The Sentencing Reform Movement \\ Specialized or Problem-Solving Courts: A Focus on Drug Courts \\ Conclusion: Policy Implications \\ Discussion Questions \\ Notes \\ References \\ 20. The Juvenile Justice SystemRandall G. Shelden \\ Detention Centers \\ Special Issues Facing the Juvenile Justice System \\ Race, the War on Drugs, and Referrals to Juvenile Court \\ The Racial Composition of Juvenile Institutions \\ The Future of the Juvenile Court \\ Discussion Questions \\ Notes \\ References \\ 21. Why Are There So Many Mentally Ill in the Criminal Justice System?Jennie K. Singer and Chelsea M. Johnson \\ Prevalence of Mentally Ill Offenders \\ Are Jails and Prisons the New Mental Hospitals, or Are We Criminalizing Mental Illness? \\ The SMI Stay Longer in Jails and Prisons \\ The SMI in the Community: More Difficulty on Probation or on Parole? \\ Conclusion \\ Discussion Questions \\ Note \\ References \\ 22. Wrongful Convictions in the United StatesKim Schnurbush \\ Scope of Wrongful Convictions \\ History of Wrongful Convictions in the United States \\ Wrongful Conviction/Exoneration Case Examples \\ Wrongful Conviction Organizations/Movements \\ Conclusion \\ Discussion Questions \\ References \\ PART V. CORRECTIONS \\ 23. The Philosophical and Ideological Underpinnings of CorrectionsAnthony Walsh and Ilhong Yun \\ What Is Corrections? \\ The Theoretical Underpinnings of Corrections \\ A Short History of Correctional Punishment \\ The Emergence of the Classical School \\ The Emergence of Positivism \\ The Function of Punishment \\ The Objectives of Corrections \\ The Past, Present, and Future of Corrections \\ Summary \\ Discussion Questions \\ References \\ 24. Community Corrections: Rehabilitation, Reintegration, and ReentryMing-Li Hsieh \\ The Common Forms of Community Corrections \\ Probation: Progressive Reform and the Promise of Rehabilitation \\ Parole as Reward or Relief \\ Concerns Regarding Stakes: Risk Assessment and Prediction \\ Worse Than Prison? \\ Reintegration and Reentry \\ Factors Associated With Community Supervision Success and Failure \\ Ongoing Debates and Policy Implications \\ Conclusion \\ Discussion Questions \\ References \\ 25. Restorative Justice in TheoryLois Presser and Kyle Letteney \\ What Is Restorative Justice? \\ How Is Restorative Justice Supposed to Work? \\ Conclusions \\ Discussion Questions \\ Notes \\ References \\ 26. Garbage In, Garbage Out? Convict Criminology, the Convict Code, and Participatory Prison ReformAlan Mobley \\ Mass Incarceration in America \\ Convict Criminology \\ The Convict Code \\ Factors Undermining the Convict Code/Formal Structure \\ A New Code \\ Discussion Questions \\ Note From the Author \\ References \\ Index \\ About the Editors \\ About the Contributors

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