图书简介
Blast Furnace Ironmaking: Analysis, Control and Optimization uses a fundamental first principles approach to prepare a blast furnace mass and energy balance in Excel™. Robust descriptions of the main equipment and systems, process technologies and best practices used in a modern blast furnace plant are detailed. Optimization tools are provided to help the reader find the best blast furnace fuel mix and related costs, maximize output or evaluate other operational strategies using the Excel™ model that the reader will develop.
The first principles blast furnace Excel™ model allows for more comprehensive process assessments than the ’rules of thumb’ currently used by the industry. The model clearly shows the beneficial effects of injecting steam, oxygen, coal and natural gas into the blast furnace and their impact on blast air requirements, fuel and coke consumption and productivity. All steps in the molten iron value chain starting from iron ore, and coal and finishing with molten iron ready for processing into steel are described. Instructions are provided for optimizing the blast furnace performance, including energy and carbon footprint minimization that emphasizes the environment, safety and future developments.
This book is suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate science and engineering students in the fields of chemical, metallurgical and materials engineering. Additionally, steel company engineers, process technologists and management will find this book useful with its fundamental approach, best practices description and perspective on the future.
1. The iron blast furnace process 2. Inside the blast furnace 3. Making steel from molten blast furnace iron 4. Introduction to the blast furnace mass balance 5. Introduction to the blast furnace enthalpy balance 6. Combining mass and enthalpy balance equations 7. Conceptual division of the blast furnace 8. Tuyere injection of pulverized carbon 9. Bottom segment with oxygen enrichment of blast air 10. Bottom segment with low purity oxygen enrichment 11. Methane - CH4(g) injection 12. Bottom segment with moisture in blast air 13. Bottom segment with pulverized hydrocarbon injection 14. Raceway flame temperature 15. Automating matrix calculations 16. Raceway flame temperature with pulverized carbon injection 17. Raceway flame temperature with pure oxygen injection 18. Raceway flame temperature with CH4(g) tuyere injection 19. Raceway flame temperature with moisture in blast air 20. Top segment mass balance 21. Top segment enthalpy balance 22. Top gas temperature calculation 23. Top gas calculations with pulverized carbon injection 24. Top gas calculations with injected pure oxygen 25. Top gas composition with CH4(g) injection 26. Top enthalpy balance with CH4 Injection 27. Top gas temperature with CH4 injection 28. Top segment calculations with moisture in blast air 29. Bottom segment calculations with natural gas injection 30. Raceway flame temperature with real (industrial) natural gas injection 31. Top segment calculations with natural gas injection 32. Bottom segment slag calculations - Ore, fluxes and slag 33. Bottom segment slag calculations - With excess MgO in Ore 34. Bottom segment slag calculations - Coke ash 35. Bottom segment calculations - Reduction of SiO2 36. Bottom segment calculations - Reduction of MnO 37. Bottom segment calculations with pulverized coal injection 38. Bottom segment calculations with multiple injectants 39. Raceway flame temperature with multiple injectants 40. Top segment calculations with multiple injectants 41. Top segment calculations with raw material moisture 42. Top segment with carbonate fluxes 43. Top charged steel scrap 44. Top charged almost reduced iron ore pellets 45. Bottom segment calculations with H2 injection 46. Top segment calculations with H2 injection 47. CO Injection into top and bottom segments 48. Introduction to blast furnace optimization 49. Blast furnace optimization case studies 50. Blast furnace `rules of thumb’ 51. The blast furnace plant 52. Blast furnace proper 53. Blast furnace refractory inspection technologies 54. Blast furnace ferrous burden preparation
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