Seismic Inversion - Theory and Applications

地震反演:理论与应用

固体地球物理学

售   价:
809.00
发货周期:预计3-5周发货
作      者
出  版 社
出版时间
2016年09月13日
装      帧
精装
ISBN
9781119257981
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页      码
256
开      本
168.3x244.5mm
语      种
英文
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图书简介
Seismic inversion aims to reconstruct an Earth subsurface model based on seismic measurements. Such a subsurface model is quantitatively represented by spatially variable physical parameters, and is extracted from seismic data by solving an inverse problem. However, seismic inversion is much more complicated than a mathematical inverse problem, and needs to resolve at least three fundamental issues simultaneously: (1) non-linearity, because the solving procedure is dependent upon the solution, (2) non-uniqueness because of data incompleteness, and (3) instability, as a small amount of data errors may cause huge model perturbations. This textbook introduces the basic theory and solutions of the inverse problem that are necessarily for participating experiments with any academic or industrial inversion packages. Corresponding to the above three issues related to seismic inversion, we need to understand the following how-to-dos: solving a nonlinear problem by iterative linearisation, solving an underdetermined problem with model constraints, and solving an ill-posed problem by regularisations. It also introduces some applications to extract meaningful information from seismic data for reservoir characterisation, in order to stimulate readers interest for pursuing advanced research in seismic inversion. This textbook is based on a lecture note of Seismic inversion and quantitative analysis, which has been given to postgraduates in geophysics at Imperial College London. The syllabuses are  Inverse problem Matrix analysis Least-squares method Iterative method Quadratic minimisation Steepest descent method Conjugate gradient method Eigenvalues and eigenvectors Singular value analysis Generalised inverse by SVD Maximum entropy Maximum likelihood method The Cauchy inversion method General Lp-norm method The Backus-Gilbert method Wavelet inversion Reflectivity inversion Ray-impedance inversion Waveform tomographyMany of these syllabuses are mathematical terminologies. The emphasis of this book will focus on their physical meanings. This book may be divided into two parts. The first part, consisted of seven chapters, is the fundamentals of linear inverse problems. The second part is methodologies of seismic inversion. The essence of seismic inversion is the regularisation. Regularisation can be defined as a model constraint, used additively in an objective function of the inverse problem. Regularisation can also be an action, applied directly to the geophysical operator. Philosophically, an inverse problem is a scientific issue with endless number of solution estimates, and what we geophysicists can do is just to verify that any given solution estimate is incorrect. Nevertheless, this book deals with the engineer aspect of the inverse problem, and makes effort to generate a meaningful geophysical solution by using mathematical tools.
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